Filipino Student Essays

                Today, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) is known as the organization composed of 189-member states, with a mandate of “working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world” (IMF, 2016).                 It was initially organized during the Bretton Woods Conference in 1994, and later existed formally with 29-member states in 1945. It can be considered as a project spearheaded by the Allied nation in their attempt to regulate the international financial and monetary order after the World War II. At the conclusion of the Breton Woods Conference, agreements were signed and ratified thereafter by member states. One result of the agreements, as mentioned, is the creation ...

The film Black Hawk Down illustrates the series of events that transpired during the notoriously gruesome “Battle of Mogadishu” in 1993. It provides a bloody picture of the clash between the U.S military and militiamen in Somalia, during the former’s attempt to capture the latter’s leader, Mohamed Farrah Aidid. Throughout the course of the encounter, a total of 19 American soldiers and about 1,500 – 3, 000 Somalis died. From the depiction of the incident, we can derive some insights regarding the normative parameters around “military intervention” and how these interact with the domestic (US and Somalia) and international factors. In terms of the normative parameters around military intervention, I think that two dimensions must be considered. Firstly, there is the discussion on when, why and how states intervene in the affairs of other states. One thing that is highlighted in the beginning of the movie was the rationale of U.S. military intervention. Initially, the reaso...